
Shopping mall appeared in recent years as a product of the construction market. He replied modern trends in retail developed and advanced countries with good market economy.
Its construction requires analysis of many facts of the established and existing buildings in the world, ranging from location, purchasing power, investment costs, operational costs (which are very important), microclimate, services offered to retain customers longer in the building, and last but not least - the architectural vision. The site should be built in line with the idea that every detail contributes to the final result. It is unacceptable stores of world producers to be exposed and offered in a building with poor microclimate wich are poorly built, in which even the integration of installations will not make it clear how it will look like in detail, ie the smallest detail must be polished to meet the quality of goods to customers tenants.
On this basis, and studied international experience "Termosyst" successfully participated in the construction of two malls in Bulgaria - "Park Mall Stara Zagora" and "Sofia Outlet Center." We set ourselves the task to build advanced systems with minimal energy consumption, allowing individual control of the microclimate in each area and individual measuring of electricity consumed.
Water loop system
From an energy standpoint malls are a major consumer of energy with a separate core of shops, surrounded by streets on several levels. If possible, the streets are richly illuminated by skylights. In massively built malls in Bulgaria adapted the idea of a water loop system, individual heat pump with air-water for each tenant and therefore independent system of commercial streets, forced and exhaust ventilation system to the shops, water cooling towers for disposal of excess heat from the object left behind utilization and source of thermal energy, natural gas boilers or connection to an urban heating network. Logic suggests that such system will transfer heat into the heating season from overheated areas in the center to the periphery of the building.
From the analyzes performed on the basis of balance calculations, studies and analysis of built similar projects in Europe we observed, that similar system for such sites is unjustified and very expensive initial investment, a very complex operation and maintenance, with slow and heavy assembly. The two buildings done by Termosyst met our expectations that the building of the mall is overheated all year long and needs cooling in almost 100% of the sites.
Systems with direct evaporation DAIKIN VRV III
In both malls from about 200 stores, only three were found to have a special treatment compared to others. "Termosyst" applied for the first time in Bulgaria systems of direct evaporation DAIKIN VRV III Heat Pumps to solve the problem of the microclimate in the commercial areas by grouping them in logical principle. The problem with maintaining the microclimate in commercial areas, fresh and ventilated air in the store was solved very elegantly by applying the leading technology of the company Daikin in 2008 - central processing coolant (working fluid) by Air Cooled Heat Pumps (inverter). That whole energy sector to support the microclimate is achieved by heat pumps (water-freon or air-water).
The advantages of both the systems are significant:
- The building is not inserted water as energy source
- There is no special costly installation for chemical treatment of water
- Eliminating the need for boilers using liquid or gaseous fuel, or alternative connection with urban heating network
- Systems with embedded microprocessors by the manufacturer and automatically manages power consumption of each user directly in the form of electricity.